UNIT NAME: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING

UNIT CODE: GN106

CREDIT POINTS: 15

PRE-REQUISITES: Nil

UNIT DESCRIPTION The fundamentals of nursing unit enable learners to take an active role in recognizing emergencies and to respond appropriately with competence to provide first aid care to victims. Students gain knowledge, analytical and evaluative skills of nursing concepts, principles and theories which enable them to make decisions pertaining to patient care. Learners will also develop the necessary skills and techniques required to perform other basic nursing procedures such as, simple wound management, specimen collection to become competent practical nurses in a variety of health care settings.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Students are able to:

1. Competently apply wound assessment in the management of a variety of wounds

2. Demonstrate the ability to accurately assess skin disorders and competently carry out appropriate nursing interventions.

3. Demonstrate the ability to recognize an emergency situation

4. Exhibit competence in performing basic first aid skills

5. Demonstrate understanding in the arrangement of transport and transportation of casualties.

Particular areas addressed

Competency unit 10: Carries out comprehensive and accurate nursing assessment of clients/groups in a variety of settings.

Graduate attribute 2: Demonstrates analysis and problem solving skills to identify and define problems, exercise informed critical judgement and acknowledge their own limitations in understanding and solving problems

CONTENT

Medications (Drug administration)

Nursing Responsibilities in Drug Administration

The Six Rights of Giving Medication

Administration of Drugs by Various Routes

Documentation of Drug Administration

Dangerous Drug Administration “DDA’s” Protocol

Injection: Types, Procedures; Complications

Disposal of Sharps

Skin disorders, fungal: tinea imbricata, tinea versicolor, tinea head, body and feet; parasites: scabies, pediculosis; bacterial: dermatitis, boils and carbuncles, impetigo, yaws, tropical ulcers, mycobacterium ulcerant, cellulitis, burns

Basic nursing skills, wounds, types and causes, physiology of wound healing process, primary and secondary wound assessment, factors influencing wound healing; burns: types, causes and management of different types of burns

First Aid

Aims, principles and practice of first aid, recognizing emergencies

Procedure for EAR and CPR determined by the principle of Basic Life Support (BLS) as a guide

Haemorrhage and shock: causes, signs and symptoms

Handling and transport of casualty in emergencies

Bandages: types, general rules and purposes.

Sling: types, purposes, general rules, and reef knot

Poison: types, snake bites, signs and symptoms, and management

Emergencies causing lack of oxygen

Fire safety measures

Altered conscious state, causes, signs and symptoms, first aid care

TEACHING AND LEARNING STRATEGIES

Teaching and learning strategies may include, lecture, tutorials, audiovisuals, PowerPoint presentations, demonstration and practice, peer teaching, group work, brain storming, structured discussion, research and presentations, case studies, case presentations, role plays and simulations.

ASSESSMENT TASKS

Typically, there are three assessment tasks evenly weighted and distributed throughout the semester with theory + practical pass mark of 60%.

Assessment task 1: First Aid skills

Learning outcomes, 4, 5 & 6 oral and practical

Description: Students will be set six skills to be demonstrated, e.g., taking temperature, taking pulse, dressing a wound, treating a burn, taking blood pressure, fitting a sling, physical examination. Skills are competency assessed, so a student can score full marks 30/30, if they are judged to be competent in each skill.

Criteria: Skill performed to the standard required to be deemed competent

Length: 15 minutes each student (or longer depending on the skills involved)

Weight: 30%

Assessment task 2: Essay

Learning outcomes, 4-6

Description: Students analyze and synthesize nursing knowledge and skills required in an emergency situation to make decisions pertaining to patient care.

Criteria: Coverage of topics covered in this unit, written expression, use of sub-headings in the structure of the essay, accurate use of English, spelling and punctuation.

Length: 1500 words

Weight: 30%

Assessment task 3: End of semester examination

Learning outcomes 1-7: Knowledge of fundamentals of nursing in emergencies and where first aid skills are required.

Description: Final exam with multiple choice and short answer items in relation to topics covered in this unit on fundamentals of nursing.

Criteria: Answers will be assessed by the extent to which the students can demonstrate appropriate levels of knowledge and skills of a nurse in a medical emergency.

Length: 3 hours

Weight: 40%

EVALUATION

There will be formative and summative evaluation by observation of student progress, oral questioning and in written formats. Findings assist decisions for ongoing continuous improvement and as a measure of quality assurance 29

SELECTED REFERENCES

Australian Red Cross First Aid Manual. Harper Collins.

Biddulph, J., Stace, J., & Danaya, B. (2000). Child health for health extension officers and nurses in PNG (7thed.). Health Department

Craven, R., & Hirnle, C. (2000). Fundamentals of nursing (3rded.). Mosby.

Kozier, B., Erb, G., Berman, A., & Burke (2000). Fundamentals of nursing: Concepts, process & practice (6thed.). Prentice Hall.

Paediatric Society of PNG (2016). Standard treatment for common illnesses of children in PNG: manual for nurses, health extension officers and doctors (10thed.). PNG Printing.

Papua New Guinea Society of Physicians. (Eds). (2012). Standard treatment for common illnesses of adults in Papua New Guinea: A manual for nurses, health extension officers and doctors (6thed.). PNG printing.

Timbly, B., & Lewis, L. (2000). Fundamental skills & concepts in-patient care. (5thed.). Lippincott.

Wilson, S. F., & Glidden’s, J. F. (2005). Health assessment for nursing practice (3rd ed.). Mosby.

Weeks/ Dates

NO. of HOURS

CONTENTS

TEACHING METHODS / RESOURCES

Week 1

01/07/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

INTRODUCTION TO FON Course

·         Unit Guide and assessment tasks

Ø  Nursing Care

Basics on; Admission, Discharges and Transfer of patient

Tutorials and class discussions

Week 2

08/07/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

·         Introduction to Nursing Care Approaches

·         Introduction to Nursing Process

·         Documentation

Tutorials and discussions

Admission charts

Week 3

15/07/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

Ø  Medications (Drug Administration)

·         Nursing responsibilities in drug Administration

·         The Six Rights of giving Medications

·         Administration of drugs by various routes

·         Documentation of Drug Administration

Tutorials and discussions

Admission charts

Week 4

22/07/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

Ø  Medications (Drug Administration)

·         Dangerous Drug Administration DDA’s Protocols

·         Injections: Types, procedures and complications

Disposal of Sharps

Tutorials

Class Discussions

Week 5

29/07/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

Ø  POISON

·         Types of poisons and their management

·         Snake bites; types

Signs and symptoms, and management

Tutorials

Group/ individual activity

Test 10% 31/07/24

Week 6

05/08/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

Ø  Skin disorders

·         Fungal: tinea imbricata, tinea versicolor, tinea head, body and feet;

·         Parasites: scabies, pediculosis;

·         Bacterial: dermatitis, boils and carbuncles, impetigo, yaws, tropical ulcers, mycobacterium ulcerant, cellulitis, burns

Tutorials

Discussion

Group/ individual activity

Oral presentation 10% 09/08/24

Week 7

12/08/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

Ø  Basic nursing skills

·         Wounds, types and causes, physiology of wound healing process, primary and secondary wound assessment, factors influencing wound healing;

Tutorials

Group/ individual activity

(the practical part of this topic will be done in NP1)

Week 8

19/08/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

Ø  BURNS

·         Types of burns

·         Causes of burns

·         Signs and Symptoms

·         Management

Tutorials

Discussion

Group work

ü  20% TEST on Skin Disorders, Wounds & Burns 22/08/24

Week 9

26/08/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

Ø  FIRST AID

·         Aims, principles and practice of first aid, recognizing emergencies

·         Procedure for EAR and CPR determined by the principle of Basic Life Support (BLS) as a guide

·         Emergencies causing lack of oxygen

·         Altered conscious state, causes, signs and symptoms, first aid care

·         Haemorrhage and shock: causes, signs and symptoms  

Tutorials

Discussion

Group/ individual activity

Week 10

02/09/24

6hrs

TC=3hrs

LC=3hrs

·         Handling and transport of casualty in emergencies

·         Bandages: types, general rules and purposes.

Sling: types, purposes, general rules, and reef knot.

Week 11

09/09/24

LP             

Week 12

16/09/24

CP

Week 13

23/09/24

CP

Week 14

30/09/24

CP                  Case Study DUE 05/10/24

Week 15

7/10/24

CP

Week 16

14/10/24

CP

Week 17

21/10/24

CP

Week 18

28/10/24

STUDY BREAK

Week 19

04/11/24

EXAM

Week 20

11/11/24

CP

Week 21

18/11/24

CLEARANCE

Week 22

25/11/24

GRADUATION

TYPE

TASKS

LEARNING OUTCOME

WEIGHT

LECTURER

DUE DATES

Formative

Task1: Test

Task2: Oral Presentation

Task3: Mid Sem Test

Task: 3 O& P Test

1,2,

3,4

3, 4, 5

1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6,7

20%

20%

20 %

Mrs. Lavu

Mrs. Lavu

Mrs. Lavu

Mrs. Lavu

Wk5 31/07/24

Wk6 09/08/24

Wk8 22/08/24

Wk11 05/10/24

Summative

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

40%

Mrs. Lavu

Wk19

BODY PART

NORMAL FINDINGS

PATIENT’S FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE

Skin

Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose

Respiratory

Cardiovascular

Gastrointestinal

Urinary

Muscular- skeletal

Nervous

NORMAL ORGAN/ SYSTEM

AFFECTED ORGAN/ SYSTEM

LABORATORY TESTS/ DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

NORMAL RANGE

PATIENT FINDINGS/ RESULTS

SIGNIFICANCE

NURSING DIAGNOSIS

GOAL/ PLANNING

INTERVENTION

RATIONALE

EXPECTED OUTCOME/ EVALUATION

PROCEDURE

CITE PATIENT BASED INDICATION

PATIENT PREPARATION

FREQUENCY/ SCHEDULE of TREATMENT

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY

EVALUATION

Tracheostomy

Sanctioning

Oxygenation

Wound Dressing

IV Therapy

Specify other procedure

IDC/NGT

DRUG

CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM of ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS

Name of drug

Dosage

Frequency

Route

Aspects

Patient Condition

Clinical advice and Rehabilitation

Medications

Exercise

Treatment

Hygiene

Occupation

Diet

Spiritual

Social